{"id":148,"date":"2024-07-09T20:36:29","date_gmt":"2024-07-09T12:36:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/114.55.108.251\/?p=148"},"modified":"2025-10-28T20:38:07","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T12:38:07","slug":"linux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b-part3%ef%bc%88makefile%e3%80%81gdb%e8%b0%83%e8%af%95%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7%e3%80%81open%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/?p=148","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b Part3\uff08makefile\u3001gdb\u8c03\u8bd5\u3001ctags\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

gdb\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u524d\u63d0\uff1a<\/strong>\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0 -g<\/code>\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u8c03\u8bd5\u8868 gcc gdbtest.c -o a.out -g<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u5fd8\u8bb0\u52a0 -g<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u7f16\u8bd1\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165gdb\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u62a5\u9519\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • \u9000\u51fagdb\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u4e0a -g<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u518d\u7f16\u8bd1<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u4e0d\u9000\u51fagdb\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4file a.out<\/code>\u5373\u53ef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u5e38\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u6253\u5f00gdb\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff1agdb .\/a.out<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u5217\u51fa\u6e90\u7801\u4ee5\u53ca\u884c\u53f7\uff1alist\u6216\u8005l<\/code>\uff08\u6309list 1<\/code>\u5373\u53ef\u4ece\u4ee3\u7801\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6309l<\/code>\u7ffb\u9875\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65ad\u70b9\uff1ab<\/code>\u6216\u8005break<\/code>\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 b 45<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1arun<\/code>\u6216\u8005r<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u8d8a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff1an<\/code>\u6216\u8005next<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u8fdb\u5165\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff1as<\/code>\u6216\u8005step<\/code> <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff1ap<\/code>\u6216\u8005print<\/code>\uff08p i<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cfi<\/code>\u7684\u503c\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u7ed3\u675f\u5f53\u524d\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\uff1afinish<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u65ad\u70b9\u540e\u7eed\u6307\u4ee4\uff1acontinue<\/code>\uff08\u5373\u6267\u884c\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65ad\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u540e\u7eed\u6ca1\u6709\u65ad\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u6267\u884c\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u9000\u51fagdb\u5f53\u524d\u8c03\u8bd5\uff1aquit<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u5176\u4ed6\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u9488\u5bf9\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\u6253\u5f00gdb\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528run<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u505c\u6b62\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5c31\u662f\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u8bbe\u7f6emain\u51fd\u6570\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u2460set args<\/code> \u53c2\u65701 \u53c2\u65702<\/code>\uff08\u5728 start<\/code>\u3001run<\/code> \u4e4b\u524d\uff09\u6216\u8005\u2461run \u53c2\u65701 \u53c2\u65702 <\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u67e5\u770b\u65ad\u70b9\u4fe1\u606f\u8868\uff1ainfo b<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\u65ad\u70b9\uff1ab 20 if i = 5 <\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\uff1aptype<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5b58\u6d3b\u7684\u6808\u5e27\uff1abt<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u6839\u636e\u6808\u5e27\u7f16\u53f7\u5207\u6362\u6808\u5e27\uff1aframe 2<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1adisplay<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u6839\u636e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u53d6\u6d88\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1aundisplay<\/code> 2<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        \u6ce8\uff1a\u6808\u5e27\u662f\u968f\u7740\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u800c\u5728stack\u4e0a\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684\u4e00\u7247\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u4e34\u65f6\u503c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n

        Makefile\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        \u524d\u63d0\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4 make \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u65f6\u53ea\u80fd\u662f makefile \u6216\u8005 Makefile<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        1\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u683c\u5f0f\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        \u76ee\u6807:\u4f9d\u8d56\u6761\u4ef6
        \uff08\u4e00\u4e2atab\u7f29\u8fdb\uff09\u547d\u4ee4<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u76ee\u6807\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u665a\u4e8e\u4f9d\u8d56\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5426\u5219make<\/code>\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u76ee\u6807\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u201c\u539f\u6599\u201d\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u662f\u4f1a\u667a\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u539f\u6599\u201d\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u4f9d\u8d56\u6761\u4ef6\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u627e\u5bfb\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u53bb\u4ea7\u751f\u4f9d\u8d56\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          ALL:hello.out<\/code>\uff08\u6307\u5b9amakefile\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u662f\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          2\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • wildcard\u51fd\u6570: src = $(wildcard .\/*.c) <\/code>\u5339\u914d\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709.c \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7ec4\u6210\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf src\uff0c\u5219src = hello.c add.c sub.c div1.c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • patsubst\u51fd\u6570\uff1aobj = $(patsubst %.c, %.o, $(src))<\/code> \u5c06\u53c2\u65703\u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u53c2\u65701\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u53c2\u65702\uff0c\u5219obj = hello.o add.o sub.o div1.o\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728makefile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2dhello.out:hello.o add.o sub.o div1.o<\/code>\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u5199\u4e3ahello.out:$(obj)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            clean\uff1a<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            \u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u52a0\u4e0a-n<\/code>\uff0c\u5373make clean -n<\/code>\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5148\u6a21\u62df\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e0d\u771f\u6b63\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u8bef\u5220\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            \u201c-\u201d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u675f <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u5176\u5b9e\u770bclean<\/code>\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6ca1\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            3\u4e2a\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • $@<\/code>: \u5728\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807 <\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • $^<\/code>: \u5728\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u6761\u4ef6<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • $<<\/code>: \u5728\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u5c06\u4f9d\u8d56\u6761\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u4f9d\u6b21\u53d6\u51fa\uff0c\u5957\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

              \u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

              \u9759\u6001\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/strong>\u524d\u7f00\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6761\u4ef6\u53bb\u5957\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

              \u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\uff1a<\/strong>\u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u540d\u4e3aclean\u6216\u8005ALL\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u540c\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cdmake\u7684\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5ffd\u7565\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u88ab\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

              \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/strong>\u8ba9gcc\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u4e0aWall<\/code>\u3001g<\/code>\u7b49\u9009\u9879\uff0c$(myArgs)<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684$<\/code>\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u53d6\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

              make\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • -n<\/code>\uff1a\u6a21\u62df\u6267\u884cmake<\/code>\u3001make clean<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • -f<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884cmake<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0cmake -f m6<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                ps\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528make\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9mymv.c\u8fdb\u884cmake\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u547d\u4ee4\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\uff1amake mymv\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a .c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n\n\n\n

                ctags\u8bfb\u4ee3\u7801\u5de5\u5177<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                \u751f\u6210<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                \u9996\u5148\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2atags\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u6240\u6709.c\u95f4\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4 ctags -R .<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • ctrl + ]<\/code>\uff1a\u5149\u6807\u7f6e\u4e8e\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u4e0a\uff0c\u8df3\u8f6c\u81f3\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • ctrl + t<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6b64\u524d\u8df3\u8f6c\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • ctrl + o<\/code>\uff1a\u5728\u5de6\u4fa7\u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u518d\u6309\u4e00\u6b21\u5173\u95ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • F4<\/code>\uff1a\u5728\u53f3\u4fa7\u5217\u51fa\u51fd\u6570\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u518d\u6309\u4e00\u6b21\u5173\u95ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  gdb\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177 \u524d\u63d0\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0 -g\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u8c03\u8bd5\u8868 gcc gdbtest.c -o a.out -g \u5982 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=148"}],"version-history":[{"count":49,"href":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3643,"href":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148\/revisions\/3643"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guapicoding.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}